Bologna sausage, sometimes phonetically spelled baloney , boloney or polony, known in Europe as a Lyoner, is a sausage derived from Mortadella: a similar-looking, finely ground pork sausage containing cubes of lard, originally from the Italian city of Bologna . U.S. Government regulations require American bologna to be finely ground and without visible pieces of lard. Bologna can alternatively be made out of chicken, turkey, beef, pork, venison, or soy protein. Unlike the mortadella, bologna sausage is not an Italian product and several differences among process and ingredients are seen. Typical seasoning for bologna includes black pepper, nutmeg, allspice, celery seed, coriander, and like mortadella, myrtle berries give it its distinctive flavor.