Codeine, also known as 3-methylmorphine, is an opiate used to treat pain, as a cough medicine, and for diarrhea. It is typically used for mild to moderate degrees of pain. Greater benefit may occur when combined with paracetamol (acetaminophen) or aspirin. Evidence for use for cough is poor. In Europe it is not recommended as a cough medicine in those under twelve years of age. It is taken by mouth. It typically starts working after half an hour with maximum effect at two hours. Effects last for about four to six hours.