Gaba is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mszczonów, within Zyrardów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

Gaba may refer to:

• Gaba Corporation, an English conversation school in Japan
• Gabâ or gabaa (Philippines), the concept of negative karma among the Cebuano people
• Gaba, a village in Poland
• Gaba, the old name of the city of Isfahan in Iran
• Gaba, a suburb of Makindye, Kampala, Uganda, on the shores of Lake Victoria
• Lester Gaba, a US sculptor, writer and retail display designer
• Marianne Gaba, a US model
• Pierre Toura Gaba (1920–1998), Chadian politician and diplomat
• Gamma-aminobutyric acid, commonly abbreviated gaba or GABA
• GABA Tea, commonly used name for tea passed through anoxic fermentation

Gabâ or gabaa, for the people in many parts of the Philippines particularly among Visayans, is the concept of a non-human and non-divine, imminent retribution. A sort of negative karma, it is generally seen as an evil effect on a person because of their wrongdoings or transgressions. The word has later been recycled for translating "divine retribution" or "divine fury" in the translations of the Bible to many local dialects in the Philippines. It is also translated as . The opposite of "Gaba" is Grasya, literally Grace in Spanish, which pertains to blessings from the Heavens.

Gába is a bilingual Sámi magazine that is published six times a year by the Sámi women's forum Sami Nisson Forum and that has funds earmarked for it in the annual budget of the Sami Parliament of Norway. The magazine was published for the first time on International Women's Day (March 8) in 1996. Although the main languages are Norwegian and Northern Sámi, articles are occasionally written in Southern Sámi, Lule Sámi and Swedish. The articles mainly deal with the everyday life of the Sámi from a woman's perspective.

Gamma-Aminobutyric acid(γ-Aminobutyric acid) (also called GABA for short) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays the principal role in reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. In humans, GABA is also directly responsible for the regulation of muscle tone.