A
stream bed is the channel bottom of a
stream,
river or creek; the physical confine of the normal water flow. The lateral confines or channel margins, during all but
flood stage, are known as the
stream banks or
river banks. In fact, a
flood occurs when a stream overflows its banks and flows onto its
flood plain. As a general rule, the bed is that part of the
channel, just at the "normal" water line and the banks are that part above the water line. However, because water flow varies, this differentiation is subject to local interpretation. Usually, the bed is kept clear of terrestrial
vegetation, whereas the banks are subjected to water flow only during unusual or perhaps infrequent high water stages and therefore might support vegetation some or much of the time.