Isotopes are variants of a particular
chemical element which differ in
neutron number, although all isotopes of a given element have the same number of
protons in each
atom. The term isotope is formed from the Greek roots isos ( "equal") and topos ( "place"), meaning "the same place"; thus, the meaning behind the name is that different isotopes of a single element occupy the same position on the
periodic table. The number of protons within the
atom's nucleus is called
atomic number and is equal to the number of
electrons in the neutral (non-ionized) atom. Each atomic number identifies a specific element, but not the isotope; an atom of a given element may have a wide range in its number of
neutrons. The number of
nucleons (both protons and neutrons) in the nucleus is the atom's
mass number, and each isotope of a given element has a different mass number.