Intensifier is a
linguistic term (but
not a proper
lexical category) for a
modifier that makes no contribution to the
propositional meaning of a
clause but serves to enhance and give additional emotional context to the word it modifies. Intensifiers are grammatical
expletives, specifically
expletive attributives (or, equivalently,
attributive expletives or
attributive-only expletives; they also qualify as
expressive attributives), because they function as semantically
vacuous filler. Characteristically,
English draws intensifiers from a class of words called
degree modifiers, words that
quantify the idea they modify. More specifically, they derive from a group of words called
adverbs of degree, also known as
degree adverbs. However, when used grammatically as intensifiers, these words cease to be degree
adverbs, because they no longer quantify the idea they modify; instead, they emphasize it emotionally. By contrast, the words , , and are degree adverbs, but
not intensifiers. The other hallmark of prototypical intensifiers is that they are adverbs which lack the primary characteristic of adverbs: the ability to modify verbs. Intensifiers modify exclusively
adjectives and adverbs. However, this rule is
insufficient to classify intensifiers, since there exist other words commonly classified as adverbs that never modify verbs but are not intensifiers, e.g. .