A
hallucination is a
perception in the absence of external
stimulus that has qualities of real perception. Hallucinations are vivid, substantial, and are seen to be located in external objective space. They are distinguishable from these related phenomena:
dreaming, which does not involve wakefulness;
illusion, which involves distorted or misinterpreted real perception;
imagery, which does not mimic real perception and is under voluntary control; and
pseudohallucination, which does not mimic real perception, but is not under voluntary control. Hallucinations also differ from "
delusional perceptions", in which a correctly sensed and interpreted stimulus (i.e., a real perception) is given some additional (and typically absurd) significance.