Aeolian or Eolian refers to things related to Aeolus, the Greek God of wind and patriarch of the Greeks of Aeolia. Specific items include:

• Aeolian Islands, islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea
• Aeolian or Aeolic order, an early order of Classical architecture
• Aeolian processes, wind-generated geologic processes
• Aeolians, an ancient Greek tribe said to be descended from Aeolus
• Eolian, a volume of poetry by David Bates (poet)
• Eolian (Solar car), a solar car team of the University of Chile
• Eolianite, a sandstone formed from wind-transported sediment

In music:

• Aeolian (album), an album by German post-metal band The Ocean Collective
• Aeolian Company (1887–1985), a maker of player organs, pianolas and piano rolls
• Aeolian Hall (disambiguation), any one of a number of concert halls of that name
• Aeolian harp, a harp that is played by the wind
• Aeolian mode, a musical mode, the natural minor key
• Aeolian Quartet (1952–1981), a string quartet based in London
• Aeolian-Skinner (1932–1972), pipe organ builder