electrophoresis – מילון אנגלי-אנגלי
electrophoresis
n.
motion of colloidal particles in a liquid caused by the influence of an electrical field
Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis is the motion of
dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform
electric field. This
electrokinetic phenomenon was observed for the first time in 1807 by Ferdinand Frederic Reuss (
Moscow State University), who noticed that the application of a constant
electric field caused
clay particles dispersed in
water to migrate. It is ultimately caused by the presence of a charged interface between the particle surface and the surrounding fluid. It is the basis for a number of analytical techniques used in biochemistry for separating molecules by size, charge, or binding affinity.
electrophoresis
Noun
1. the motion of charged particles in a colloid under the influence of an electric field; particles with a positive charge go to the cathode and negative to the anode
(synonym) cataphoresis, dielectrolysis, ionophoresis
(hypernym) natural process, natural action, action, activity
(hyponym) immunoelectrophoresis
Electrophoresis
Method used in clinical and research laboratories for separating molecules according their size and electrical charge. Electrophoresis is used to separate large molecules (such as DNA fragments or proteins) from a mixture of molecules. An electric current is passed through a medium containing the mixture of molecules. Each kind of molecule travels through the medium at a different rate, depending on its electrical charge and molecular size. Separation of the molecules is based on these differences. Although many substances including starch gels and paper have historically served as media for electrophoresis, agarose and acrylamide gels are the media commonly used for electrophoresis of proteins and nucleic acids.
electrophoresis
migration of charged molecules in an electric field through a medium such as polyacrylamide gel; usually performed for analytical purposes — but may be used to partially purify molecules for other analytical methods such as mass spectrometry, PCR, cloning, DNA sequencing, or immunoblotting.
