In
corporate finance, a
debenture is a medium- to long-term debt
instrument used by large companies to borrow money, at a fixed rate of interest. The legal term "debenture" originally referred to a document that either creates a debt or acknowledges it, but in some countries the term is now used interchangeably with
bond,
loan stock or
note. A debenture is thus like a certificate of loan or a loan bond evidencing the fact that the company is liable to pay a specified amount with interest and although the money raised by the debentures becomes a part of the company's capital structure, it does not become
share capital. Senior debentures get paid before subordinate debentures, and there are varying rates of risk and payoff for these categories.