Ceruminous glands are specialized
sudoriferous glands (sweat glands) located
subcutaneously in the
external auditory canal. Ceruminous glands are simple, coiled, tubular glands made up of an inner secretory layer of cells and an outer
myoepithelial layer of cells. They are classed as
apocrine glands. The glands drain into larger ducts, which then drain into the guard hairs that reside in the
external auditory canal. Here they produce
cerumen, or earwax, by mixing their secretion with
sebum and dead epidermal cells.
Cerumen keeps the eardrum pliable, lubricates and cleans the
external auditory canal, waterproofs the canal, kills bacteria, and serves as a barrier to trap foreign particles (dust, fungal spores, etc.) by coating the guard hairs of the ear, making them sticky.