Beamforming or
spatial filtering is a
signal processing technique used in
sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. This is achieved by combining elements in a
phased array in such a way that signals at particular angles experience constructive
interference while others experience destructive interference. Beamforming can be used at both the transmitting and receiving ends in order to achieve spatial selectivity. The improvement compared with
omnidirectional reception/transmission is known as the receive/transmit
gain (or loss).
