U.S. – מילון אנגלי-אנגלי
US (disambiguation)
US or
U.S. usually refers to the United States of America, a country in North America.
United States
U.S.
Noun
1. the executive and legislative and judicial branches of the federal government of the United States
(synonym) United States government, United States, U.S. government, US Government
(hypernym) federal government
(member-meronym) executive branch, Executive Office of the President
2. North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776
(synonym) United States, United States of America, America, US, USA, U.S.A.
(hypernym) North American country, North American nation
(hyponym) Union, North
(member-holonym) North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO
(part-holonym) North America
(member-meronym) American
(part-meronym) East, eastern United States
(class) federal department, federal office, department of the federal government
(class) freshman, first-year
US (United States)
US, united states, USA, country located in North America
Senate, U.S.
SENATE, U.S. - The less numerous branch of the legislature.
The Constitution of the United States, Article 1, s. 3, directs that "the Senate of the United States shall be composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof for six years; and each senator shall have one vote." The vice president of the United States," to use the language of the Constitution, Art. 1, s. 3, "shall be president of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided." In the Senate each state in its political capacity, is represented, upon a footing of perfect equality, like a congress of sovereigns or ambassadors, or like an assembly of peers. It is unlike the house of representatives. where the people are represented.
The Senate of the United States is invested with legislative, executive and judicial powers.
It is a legislative body whose concurrence is requisite to the passage of every law. It may originate any bill, except those for raising revenue, which shall originate in the house of representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. Const. Art. 1, s. 7.
The Senate is invested with executive authority in concluding treaties and making appointments.
It is invested with judicial power when it is formed into a court for the trial of impeachments. See Courts of the United States.
In most of the states the less numerous branch of the legislature bears the title of senate. In such a body the people are represented as well as in the other house.
Considerable resistance arose to the non-democratic method of chosing senators and direct election of the members of the Senate was accomplished by Amendment XVII to the U.S. Constitution which states:
"The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislatures.
When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the Legislature of any State may empower the Executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the Legislature may direct.
This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution."
This entry contains material from Bouvier's Legal Dictionary, a work published in the 1850's.
Supreme Court, U.S.
The Supreme Court of the United States consists of nine justices appointed for life by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.
One justice is appointed as the Chief Justice and has additional administrative duties related both to the Supreme Court and to the entire federal court system. Each justice is assigned to one of the courts of appeals for emergency responses.
The Supreme Court meets on the first Monday of October each year and usually continues in session through June. The Supreme Court receives and disposes of about 5,000 cases each year, most by a brief decision that the subject matter is either not proper or not of sufficient importance to warrant review by the full court. Cases are heard en banc, which means by all the justices sitting together in open court. Each year the court decides about 150 cases of great national importance and interest, and about three-fourths of such decisions are announced in full published opinions.
The Supreme Court is located across the street from the U.S. Capitol Building in Washington, D.C.
Tax Court, U.S.
Established by Congress in 1924 under Article I of the Constitution, the U.S. Tax Court decides controversies between taxpayers and the Internal Revenue Service involving underpayment of federal income, gift, and estate taxes. Its decisions may be appealed to the federal courts of appeals and are subject to the review of the U.S. Supreme Court on writs of certiorari. In the year that ended September 30, 1992, 30,345 new cases were filed and 34,823 were closed in the U.S. Tax Court. On September 30, 1992, 44,376 cases were pending.
The 19 tax court judges are appointed by the President for terms of 15 years.
The judges of the court elect one of their number to serve a two-year term as chief judge with responsibility for overall administration of the court in addition to a caseload. Retired judges may be recalled by the chief judge for service in the court. In addition, there are currently 17 authorized special trial judges appointed by the chief judge, who serve under rules and regulations promulgated by the court.
The Tax Court hears cases in approximately 80 cities. Its offices are located in Washington, D.C.
U.S.
United States
