חיפוש ברשת מילון חיפוש בפורום
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חיפוש ברשת מילון חיפוש בפורום |
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| CIA World Factbook 2005 | הורד מילון בבילון 9 למחשב שלך |
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Location: |
Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan |
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Geographic coordinates: |
40 00 N, 60 00 E |
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Map references: |
Asia |
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Area: |
total: 488,100 sq km
land: 488,100 sq km water: negl. |
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Area - comparative: |
slightly larger than California |
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Land boundaries: |
total: 3,736 km
border countries: Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km |
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Coastline: |
0 km; note - Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea (1,768 km) |
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Maritime claims: |
none (landlocked) |
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Climate: |
subtropical desert |
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Terrain: |
flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west |
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Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Vpadina Akchanaya -81 m; note - Sarygamysh Koli is a lake in northern Turkmenistan with a water level that fluctuates above and below the elevation of Vpadina Akchanaya (the lake has dropped as low as -110 m)
highest point: Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m |
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Natural resources: |
petroleum, natural gas, sulfur, salt |
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Land use: |
arable land: 3.72%
permanent crops: 0.14% other: 96.14% (2001) |
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Irrigated land: |
17,500 sq km (2003 est.) |
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Natural hazards: |
NA |
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Environment - current issues: |
contamination of soil and groundwater with agricultural chemicals, pesticides; salination, water-logging of soil due to poor irrigation methods; Caspian Sea pollution; diversion of a large share of the flow of the Amu Darya into irrigation contributes to that river's inability to replenish the Aral Sea; desertification |
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Environment - international agreements: |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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Geography - note: |
landlocked; the western and central low-lying, desolate portions of the country make up the great Garagum (Kara-Kum) desert, which occupies over 80% of the country; eastern part is plateau |
More about Turkmenistan:
| CIA World Factbook 2005 | הורד מילון בבילון 9 למחשב שלך |
|
Location: |
Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan |
|
Geographic coordinates: |
40 00 N, 60 00 E |
|
Map references: |
Asia |
|
Area: |
total: 488,100 sq km
land: 488,100 sq km water: negl. |
|
Area - comparative: |
slightly larger than California |
|
Land boundaries: |
total: 3,736 km
border countries: Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km |
|
Coastline: |
0 km; note - Turkmenistan borders the Caspian Sea (1,768 km) |
|
Maritime claims: |
none (landlocked) |
|
Climate: |
subtropical desert |
|
Terrain: |
flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west |
|
Elevation extremes: |
lowest point: Vpadina Akchanaya -81 m; note - Sarygamysh Koli is a lake in northern Turkmenistan with a water level that fluctuates above and below the elevation of Vpadina Akchanaya (the lake has dropped as low as -110 m)
highest point: Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m |
|
Natural resources: |
petroleum, natural gas, sulfur, salt |
|
Land use: |
arable land: 3.72%
permanent crops: 0.14% other: 96.14% (2001) |
|
Irrigated land: |
17,500 sq km (2003 est.) |
|
Natural hazards: |
NA |
|
Environment - current issues: |
contamination of soil and groundwater with agricultural chemicals, pesticides; salination, water-logging of soil due to poor irrigation methods; Caspian Sea pollution; diversion of a large share of the flow of the Amu Darya into irrigation contributes to that river's inability to replenish the Aral Sea; desertification |
|
Environment - international agreements: |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
|
Geography - note: |
landlocked; the western and central low-lying, desolate portions of the country make up the great Garagum (Kara-Kum) desert, which occupies over 80% of the country; eastern part is plateau |
More about Turkmenistan: