Neoptera is a classification group that includes most part of the winged insects, specifically those that can flex their wings over their abdomens. This is in contrast with the more basal orders of winged insects (the "Palaeoptera" assemblage), which are unable to flex their wings in this way. Originally, the taxon Neoptera was proposed by А.М. Martynov, in the following classification: Classification by Martynov 1923]and 1924]: Pterygota

• division Palaeoptera
  • order Odonata
  • order Agnatha (correct name: Ephemeroptera)
  • †order Dictyoneuridea
  • †order Megasecoptera
  • †order Protodonata
  • †order Protephemeroidea
• division Neoptera
  • subdivision Polyneoptera
    • superorder Orthopteroidea
      • order Orthoptera (correct name: Saltatoria)
      • order Plecoptera
      • order Dermaptera
      • order Embioptera
    • superorder Blattopteroidea (senior name: Pandictyoptera)
      • order Blattodea
      • order Mantodea
      • order Isoptera
  • subdivision Paraneoptera
    • superorder Hemiptera (correct name: Arthroidignatha)
      • order Phytophtires (correct name: Plantisuga)
      • order Auchenorrhyncha
      • order Heteroptera
    • subdivision Oligoneoptera

The order Thysanoptera originally had uncertain systematic position, and later was attributed to Paraneoptera.