Right whales are three
species of large
baleen whales of the
genus Eubalaena: the
North Atlantic right whale (
E. glacialis), the
North Pacific right whale (
E. japonica) and the
southern right whale (
E. australis). They are classified in the family
Balaenidae with the
bowhead whale. Right whales have rotund bodies with arching rostrums, V-shaped blowholes and dark gray or black skin. The most distinguishing feature of a right whale is the rough patches of skin on its head which appear white due to parasitism by
whale lice. Right whales can grow up to more than long with the maximum record of and weigh up to , significantly larger than other coastal species such as
humpbacks,
grays, or
bryde's, but smaller than
blues. Right whales were named by whalers who identified them as the "right" whale to kill on a hunt due to the plentiful oil and baleen they could provide.