Denization is an obsolete or defunct process in
England and
Ireland and the later
Kingdom of Great Britain, the
United Kingdom, and the
British Empire, dating back to the 13th century, by which an alien (foreigner), through
letters patent, became a
denizen, thereby obtaining certain rights otherwise only normally enjoyed by the King's (or Queen's) subjects, including the right to hold land. Denization fell into obsolescence with the
British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act 1914 (4 & 5
Geo. 5) c. 17, which instituted certificates of naturalisation, instead of—as it was with divorce until the year 1858 with the
Matrimonial Causes Act 1857 (20 & 21
Vict.) c. 85—necessitating the procuring of an expensive
private act of Parliament or possibly of a colonial legislature.