Cucurbita (
Latin for
gourd) is a
genus of
herbaceous vine in the gourd
family,
Cucurbitaceae, also known as cucurbits, native to the
Andes and
Mesoamerica. Five species are grown worldwide for their edible fruit, variously known as
squash,
pumpkin, or gourd depending on species,
variety, and local parlance, and for their seeds. First cultivated in the Americas before being brought to Europe by returning explorers after their discovery of the New World, plants in the genus
Cucurbita are important sources of human food and oil. Other kinds of gourd, also called bottle-gourds, are native to Africa and belong to the genus
Lagenaria, which is in the same family and subfamily as
Cucurbita but in a different
tribe. These other gourds are used as utensils or vessels, and their young fruits are eaten much like those of Cucurbita species.