Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-10-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, ten powered and coupled driving wheels on five axles, and no trailing wheels. The lack of leading and trailing wheels makes this arrangement unstable at speed, and is a type confined to fairly low-speed work, such as switching, transfer runs, slow-speed drag freight, or running over mountainous terrain. In the United Kingdom, this type is known as a decapod (a name which in the United States is applied to 2-10-0 types).

Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-10-0 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, ten powered and coupled driving wheels on five axles, and no trailing wheels. The lack of leading and trailing wheels makes this arrangement unstable at speed, and is a type confined to fairly low-speed work, such as switching, transfer runs, slow-speed drag freight, or running over mountainous terrain. In the United Kingdom, this type is known as a decapod (a name which in the United States is applied to 2-10-0 types).