n. (Hira=こうか) hardening, vulcanization, process of becoming stiff or hard

v. (Hira=こうかする) harden, make hard or tough; become hard or tough

v. (Trad=硬化, Pinyin=ying4 hua4) harden, stiffen

n. (Trad=硬化, Pinyin=ying4 hua4) cirrhosis, sclerosis, hardening

v. (Simp=硬化, Pinyin=ying4 hua4) harden, stiffen

n. (Simp=硬化, Pinyin=ying4 hua4) cirrhosis, sclerosis, hardening

[京華] the busy streets of the capital [Seoul]

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[硬化] hardening; cementation (of steel); vulcanization (of rubber); stiffening

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[硬貨] hard money [cash]; metallic currency; effective money

[硬化-] harden; stiffen; metalize (rubber)