Myrmecochory ( (sometimes
myrmechory); from and "circular dance") is
seed dispersal by
ants, an ecologically significant
ant-plant interaction with worldwide distribution. Most myrmecochorous plants produce seeds with
elaiosomes, a term encompassing various external appendages or "food bodies" rich in
lipids,
amino acid, or other
nutrients that are attractive to ants. The seed with its attached elaiosome is collectively known as a
diaspore. Seed dispersal by ants is typically accomplished when
foraging workers carry diaspores back to the
ant colony after which the
elaiosome is removed or fed directly to ant
larvae. Once the elaiosome is consumed the seed is usually discarded in underground
middens or ejected from the nest. Although diaspores are seldom distributed far from the parent plant, myrmecochores also benefit from this predominantly
mutualistic interaction through dispersal to favourable locations for
germination as well as escape from
seed predation.