Intracrine refers to a
hormone that acts inside a
cell, regulating intracellular events. Steroid hormones act through
intracellular (mostly nuclear) receptors and, thus, may be considered to be intracrines. In contrast,
peptide or
protein hormones, in general, act as
endocrines,
autocrines, or
paracrines by binding to their receptors present on the cell surface. Several peptide/protein hormones or their
isoforms also act inside the cell through different mechanisms. These peptide/protein hormones, which have intracellular functions, are also called intracrines. The term 'intracrine' is thought to have been coined to represent peptide/protein hormones that also have intracellular actions.