incrementalism – מילון אנגלי-אנגלי
incrementalism
n.
policy of implementing changes gradually by making several small changes over a long period of time
Incrementalism
- In politics, the term Incrementalism is also used as a synonym for Gradualism.
Incrementalism is a method of working by adding to a project using many small changes instead of a few (extensively planned) large jumps.
Logical incrementalism implies that the steps in the process are sensible. Logical Incrementalism focuses on "the Power-Behavioral Approach to planning rather than to the Formal Systems Planning Approach." In public policy, incrementalism refers to the method of change by which many small policy changes are enacted over time in order to create a larger broad based policy change. This was the theoretical policy of rationality developed by
Lindblom to be seen as a middle way between the
rational actor model and
bounded rationality, as both long term goal driven policy rationality and
satisficing were not seen as adequate.
Incrementalism (incrementalist decision-making)
Because an
exhaustive analysis of the
costs and benefits of every conceivable option for dealing with a problem in public policy is often unduly time-consuming and expensive, large organizations (and often individuals) may resort to a practical shortcut in deciding on possible improvements of existing programs. Only a few of the many possible options are seriously examined, and these tend to be ones that involve only small changes in existing policies or procedures rather than radical innovations. Changes are thus made only "
at the margin ." An example of incrementalism often cited:
Congressional budget decision-making in the U.S., where the usual questions considered about a given (existing) agency might typically range from whether to cut 4 or 5 percent from its budget to whether to tack on a 5 or 10% increase. Congress very seldom stops to think seriously about whether the agency ought to be abolished entirely as unnecessary or harmful to the public interest or whether its responsibilities would be better performed in some entirely different manner by another agency. Consequently, one of the best predictors of an agency's budget in a given year is that same agency's budget for the year before plus or minus a small increment representing the rate of growth or shrinkage of total government revenues.
[See also:
rational-comprehensive models of decision-making ,
systems theories of decision-making ,
bureaucracy ,
bureaucratic politics ]
incrementalism
s.
inkrementalisme, politikk som gjennomfører endringer ved å gjøre gradvise forandringer over en lengre periode
incrementalism
n.
incrementalisme, det gradvis at lave flere små ændringer over en længere periode
