Euroscepticism (sometimes
euroskepticism,
EU-scepticism or
Anti-EUism), refers to criticism of the
European Union (EU). Traditionally, the main source of euroscepticism has been the notion that integration weakens the
nation state, and a desire to slow, halt or reverse integration within the EU. Other views often held by eurosceptics include perceptions of the EU being undemocratic or too
bureaucratic. Euroscepticism should not be confused with
anti-Europeanism, which refers to the rejection of the
culture of Europe and
Europeanisation, and sentiments, opinions and discrimination against
European ethnic groups. A
Eurobarometer survey of EU citizens in 2009 showed that support for membership of the EU was lowest in
Latvia, the
United Kingdom, and
Hungary. Euroscepticism is found in political parties across the political spectrum; however, the rise in
radical right-wing parties in Europe is strongly linked to a rise in Euroscepticism in the continent.