Insects in the
family Elateridae are commonly called
click beetles (or "typical click beetles" to distinguish them from the related
Cerophytidae and
Eucnemidae). Other names include
elaters,
snapping beetles,
spring beetles or
skipjacks. This family was defined by
William Elford Leach (1790–1836) in 1815. They are a
cosmopolitan beetle family characterized by the unusual click mechanism they possess. There are a few closely related families in which a few members have the same mechanism, but all elaterids can click. A spine on the
prosternum can be snapped into a corresponding notch on the
mesosternum, producing a violent "click" that can bounce the beetle into the air. Clicking is mainly used to avoid predation, although it is also useful when the beetle is on its back and needs to right itself. There are about 9300 known species worldwide, and 965 valid species in North America.