Cassiopea (
upside-down jellyfish) is a
genus of
true jellyfish and the only members of the family
Cassiopeidae. They are found in warmer coastal regions around the world, including shallow mangrove swamps, mudflats, canals, and
turtle grass flats in
Florida, and the Caribbean. The
medusa usually lives upside-down on the bottom, which has earned them the common name. Where found, there may be numerous individuals with varying shades of white, blue, green and brown. They have a mild sting since they are primarily
photosynthetic, but sensitive individuals may have a stronger reaction. The photosynthesis occurs because, like most
corals, they host
zooxanthellae in their tissues. The stinging cells are excreted in a mucus; swimming over the jellyfish (especially using swim fins) may cause transparent, essentially invisible, sheets of this mucus to be lifted up into the water column, where they are then encountered by unsuspecting swimmers. The stings, appearing in the form of a red rash-like skin irritation, are known for being extraordinarily itchy. Sometimes this jellyfish is picked up by the
crab Dorippe frascone (family
Dorippidae) and carried on its back. The crab uses the jellyfish to defend itself against possible predators.