The
Alawites, also known as
Alawis (
ʿAlawīyyah ), are an Islamic sect, centered in
Syria, who follow a branch of the
Twelver school of
Shia Islam but with
syncretistic elements. Alawites revere
Ali (Ali ibn Abi Talib), and the name "Alawi" means followers of Ali (they are generally considered
Ghulat). The sect is believed to have been founded by
Ibn Nusayr during the 9th century. For this reason, Alawites are sometimes called "
Nusayris" ( ), though this term has come to have derogatory connotations in the modern era; another name, "
Ansari"
, is believed to be a mistransliteration of "Nusayri". Today, Alawites represent 12 percent of the
Syrian population and are a significant minority in Turkey and northern Lebanon. There is also a population living in the village of
Ghajar in the occupied
Golan Heights. They are often confused with the
Alevis of Turkey. Alawites form the dominant religious group on the Syrian coast and towns near the coast which are also inhabited by
Sunnis,
Christians, and
Ismailis.